Vol. 5 Issue 1
A.M. Taleb and I.H. Munro
Low temperature absorption spectra of toluene in rare gas matrices, and its absorption and reflection spectraa in pure solid phase were obtained at temperature near liquid helium temperature, in the wavelength region 270-170 nm. Absolute intensity measurements in terms of the molar absorption coefficient values were made, and methyl shift in the three electronic transitions was compared with the Petrushka calculations.
In the 210 and 190 nm transitions, the absorption spectrum of toluene in the Xe matrix shows a splitting of the 0-0 line. An explanation is given, that Xe matrix may offer sufficient perturbation to remove the degeneracy of the 1B2 and 1A1 states which are of 1E10 parentage in the benzene molecule
T. El-Dessouki, M. Ghobashy and M.S. El-Toukhy
Two approaches have been made to construct a rifle telescope using different objectives. Following a third-order analysis the results of ray tracing through several examples are presented. The total length of the telescope is 233 mm, whereas the eye-relief is 93 mm. For the whole system, at a field angle 2.5 degree, the percentage distortion is 0.3%. Tables of design parameters for aplanatic telescopic systems with angular magnification gamma=5 are presented.
M.I. El-Zaiki and H.O. Nafie
A drastic change in the moment of inertia as a function of the rotational frequency is observed in the band crossing region for the deformed nuclei 158Er and 156Dy (N=90). These changes may be interpreted as a phase transition from superfluid state to a non parallel h2 fluid state
M.A. Abdulmomen, M. Morsy, M. Mohsen and A.M. Hassan
The level structure of 160Dy has been investigated from the decay of 160Tb (72.4d). Single gamma-gamma coincidence and fast-slow delayed coincidence systems have been used. Thirty seven gamma-ray lines could be identified and fitted in a proposed level structure of 160Dy. The positions of previously doubted transitions at energies of 98.0, 203.1, 420.3 and 1048.9 keV are confirmed. The half life time of the 86.6 keV level is found to be 2.07 +-10 nsec, and the reduced transition probability is calculated as:
[0.96+- 0.05e^2 x 10^-48 cm^2]
A.M. Al-Ani and Daryl G. Richardson
Calcium concentration in mitochondria isolated from 'Anjou' pear (Pyrus communis L.) fruit affected with cork sport (3.26 nanograms Ca/mg of mitochondrial protein) was significantly lower than Ca concentration in mitochondria isolated from normal fruits (7.06 nanograms Ca/mg of mitochondrial protein). State III respiration, respiratory control ratio, and ADP:O ratio were significantly higher in mitochondria isolated from normal fruits than in mitochondria isolated from cork spotted fruits.
The results suggest that calcium deficiency reduced the functional integrity of the mitochondria isolated from ripe 'Anjou' pear fruit.
Abdul Qayyum Siddiqui and Ahmad El-Badawy Adam
Tilapia nilotica were cultured for 156 days in three 8 x 5 x 1 m concrete outdoor tanks. 250 fingerlings were stocked in each tank. Water at the rate of 200 l/min was continuously pumped through tanks 1 and 2 (single reuse), and 200 l/min through tank 3 (single pass). Two types of feed, one with 21.6% dietary protein and the other with 30% dietary protein, were fed to the fish. Both feeds had the same ingredients with 3.0 kcal/g digestible energy.
Average weight of fish and yield were 150 g and 33.9 kg, 152 g and 34.5 kg, and 209 g and 46.9 kg, in tanks, 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Growth rates of fish fed 30% protein feed were greater than for those fed 21.6% protein feed. The food conversion ratio for 30% protein feed was lower than that for the 21.6% protein feed. In view of these observations tilapia culture prospects in Saudi Arabia are discussed.
M. Farghaly, M.F. Shawer, M.A. Kosba and S.A. Zaidan
Two commercial strains of turkeys, the Black Bronze (BB), and the White Ros (RR) were used in this study. The study lasted two years and different matings produced parental strains, F1 crosses as well as backcrosses to both parents. Results revealed that mean 12, and 16 week body weights were higher for RR than BB. Mean body weight for F1 crosses at these two ages was intermediate to the parental strains. Heterosis was evident for only 12-week body weight. Average heritability estimates for 12 week body weight were 0.62, 0.74, and 0.68 as based on sire, dam and sire plus dam components, respectively. The estimates of maternal effects were 0.03 amd 0.13 for 12 and 16 week body weights, respectively.
Hassan I. Sayed
Four experiments were carried out during the fall-spring seasons of 1978 to 1982 to estimate the genotype-environment interaction, heritability and interrelationships for grain yield, duration of vegetative and grain filling periods, grain filling rate, kernel weight, and test weight in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Data collected from 27 cultivars grown in a randomized complete block within each season were subjected to analysis of variance, and estimates of variance components were obtained. Heritability estimates for each trait and correlation coefficients among different variables were also obtained.
Genotype x season interactions, though highly significant, were relatively smaller than the seasonal effects. Narrow-sense heritability estimates for the duration of vegetative and grain filling periods, and kernel weight indicated mostly additive effects. Other traits showed larger non-additive proportions. Genotypes with long vegetative periods had higher grain filling rates and yielded better than those with longer grain filling durations. Under the conditions of frequent high temperature stress during the grain filling period, it is suggested that cultivars with moderate or delayed heading and high grain filling rates exhibit high yielding ability in the Near East environment.
A.M. Abou El Naga
Two of forty colonies of honey bees (F1 Carniolan Apis mellifera carnica x Egyptian Apis mellifera lamarckii) imported from Egypt showed abnormal signs. Cappings of cells were depressed in the centre, punctured and discolored, and dead larvae that were at first soft and watery, and then pasty. Later it became tough, rubbery or brittle. These scales gave off a decayed meat odor. The infected larvae that survived produced pupae of sub-normal weight and spun feeble cocoons, having poorly developed silk glands. These signs indicated European foulbrood (EFB). Laboratory diagnosis of larvae and scales sent to Rothamsted Experimental Station showed that the causative organism of EFB, Melissococcus pluton, was present. This is the first report of EFB in Saudi Arabia
Ahmed El-Tayeb, Ahmed Mussa and Yahia Mohammed Makki
The five fungicides Bavistin, Benlate, Cozib 62, Daconil W-75 and Dithane were tested for their efficacy against Alternaria alternata and Fusarium roseum which were isolated from two varieties of wheat in the laboratory. Cozib, Dithane and Benlate, proved to be efficient seed fungicides; Daconil was less efficient.
Alternaria alternata was present as a seed saprophyte on almost all seeds of the LYP- 73 wheat variety brought from Pakistan and germinated in petri dishes. Both A. alternata and the F. roseum were present on the Maxipack variety from the Al-Hassa area. Cozib and Dithane were the only two chemicals which controlled both Alternaria alternata and the F. roseum. Benlate controlled only the F. roseum.
Implications of these results for the chemical treatment of these crops are discussed.