Vol. 16 Issue 2
E.M. Amin
The migrating immature European freshwater eels, Anguilla anguilla L. undertake extensive migration from Egyptian lagoons to their spawning grounds in the Sargasso Sea . They leave their feeding grounds at an early stage of sexual maturation. Eels hald in seawater were injected at weekly intervals with a human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (HCG) at a dose of 1.5 IU/gBW, and spermatogenesis was studied cytologically. The weekly injections have increased the gonadosomatic index (GSI) from 0.03% to 9.0%. The testicular maturation could be divided into five stages: a stage of seminiferous tubule differentiation (7 days of HCG treatment), a stage of the appearance of cysts of spermatogonia in the testes (15 days of HCG treatment), a stage of intensive spermatogenesis (3 weeks of HCG treatment), a stage of active testicular development (27 days of HCG treatment) and a stage of maximum sexual development (32 days of HCG treatment).
Djilali Larbaoui
This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in 351 female students aged from 19 to 26 years in the west of Algeria. Anemia defined by Hb < 12g/ 100 ml and Ht < 36% was respectively observed in 17.7% and 16% of the subjects. Iron stores depletion defined by Serum Ferritin < 12 ng/ml was observed in 21% of the sample and 62.3% of anemic subjects. Cerium iron < 50 µ/100 ml was observed in 48.3% of anemic students, and 23% had marginal levels (50 to 100 µg/ 100ml). Dietary intakes of bioavailable iron are about 0.83 mg/day, much less than that required for women in fertile age. This precarious iron balance indicates that these female students are at high risk of iron deficiency anemia.
Feisal Abdulaziz Bukhari
This study has been conducted in square cement tanks at Behars Farm in Ras Alzawr, on the Saudi Arabian Gulf coastline, to investigate the effects of two daily water exchange programs; 6 and 12 times (25 and 50 l/min) on the survival and growth of the tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) and on that of the white shrimp, P. indicus (Milne Edwards).
The results have revealed higher survival rates 77.95 ± 7.3% for the tiger shrimp, and 83.20 ± 16.3% for the white shrimp at the 6-time over the 12-time daily water exchange rate of 69.85 ± 7.3% and 77.1 ± 13.6% for the tiger shrimp, and for the white shrimp, respectively. But, the final weights and lengths revealed no significant differences in both programs neither for P.monodon nor for P. indicus. However, the white shrimp had better growth performance in its tanks, compared to those of the same species in the Red Sea over the tiger shrimp. Therefore, P. indicus could be the species of choice for future culture in cement canals with sandy bottoms and with a water depth of 2-3m, to avoid the negative impact expected on its production by both frequency of water exchange and fluctuations of water temperature.
F.S. Matalgyto and A.S. Al-Khalifa
Effect of microwave heating for various times (5, 10, 15 minutes) on chemical properties of corn and palm oils, ghee and camel fat during microwave hearing were investigated. Peroxide, iodine, anisidine, carbonyl, TOTOX values, and fatty acid content were determined, with or without addition of tocopherols and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT). Microwave heating caused some hydrolysis to fatty acids, and accelerated lipid oxidation. The deterioration of corn and palm oils were higher than ghee and camel fat in all cases. Decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids percentage and increase in saturated ones were observed. However, addition of tocopherols and BHT increased the stability to oxidation for oil and fat under investigation