Influence of Nitrogen Fertilization Rates and Residual Effect of Organic Manure Rates on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) PDF

Keywords

sand soil, manure, nitrogen fertilizer

Abstract

A two-year field experiment was initiated on loamy sand soil in 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 to study the effect of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer and residual effect of organic manure on growth, yield and yield components of wheat cv. Yecora rojo. Nitrogen fertilization increased both yield and plant height. Yields increased from 1.34 to 5.54 ton ha-1 by increasing N from 0 to 200 Kg ha-1. The increase in yield was attributed to increased number of spikes m-2, number of grains spike-1 and 1000-grain weight. Yields were also increased from 3.20 to 3.66 ton ha-1 by increasing organic manure from 0 to 50 ton ha-1. Plant height and flag leaf area increased from 8.43 to 72.16 cm and from 10.23 to 23.64 cm2 due to increasing N level from 0 to 200 Kg ha- 1. Plants receiving 200 kg N ha-1 with 50 ton ha-1 organic manure produced plants with more spikes, number of grains, biological yield, grain and straw yield. However, the crop index was higher in plots receiving 200 Kg N ha-1 without organic manure residues. The rate of increase for plant height, number of spikes m-2, number of grains spike-1, biological yield and grain and straw yield was higher under low than high nitrogen application rates.