Former and Present Vegetation of Kraman Island, Upper Egypt PDF

Keywords

vegetation, environmental factors, Egypt

Abstract

The application of Two Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) classified the island into four different habitat types. Each of them comprises different communities with indicator species of their own. Deterended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was used to study species-environment relationships. Accordingly. the most important environmental factors affecting the distribution and structure of the present communities are: moisture content. depth of water. CaC03 concentration. organic carbon and soil texture. The former vegetation of the island was studied through palynological technique. DCA (Deterended Correspondence Analysis) ordination of TWINSPAN pollen assemblage groups clarified the distribution of hydrophytes in the lowermost layer and mesophytes in the uppermost layer of profile dug (60 cm depth) in the island. Amphibious species occupied the middle level reflecting a change from hydric to mesic conditions.