Vol. 2 Issue 1
Abdullah R. Doaigey and Hesham A. Gawad
Leaves and stems of Salvia aegypliaca L. , S . deserti Decne. and S. spinosa L. show similar frequencies of diacytic stomata and of eglandular and glandular trichomes but differ as to size and distribution of trichomes. Studies of transverse sections of the stems indicate that the cortex is made of collenchymatous tissue in the corners immediately below the epidermis interchanged with 3 or 4 layers of well-developed palisade, chlorenchymatous cells in S. aegypliaca and S. deserli, and with 2 to 4 layers of small rounded. chlorenchymatous cells in S. spinosa. The remainder of the cortex is a distinct single layer of large parenchymatous cells in S. aegYPliaca and S. deserli. while in S. spinosa it consists of 4 to 7 layers of parenchymatous tissue. Transverse section of the leaves show that the three species are characterized by the presence of collenchymatous tissue on the adaxial and abaxial sides of the midrib regions and the presence of only palisade tissue in the intercostal regions. This study indicates that while these three species of Salvia share several common anatomical characters, S. aegypliaca and S. deserti are closely related to each other and are quite distinct from S. spinosa.
On the basis of reduction in leaf size, increased development of palisade tissues in the leaf and stem. and increased leaf pubescence, it is suggested that S. deserli is most adapted to aridity while S. spinosa is the least.
A. Mahmoud
Aeluropus massauensis is a perennial grass. The species dominates one of the communities of the littoral salt marsh vegetation of the Red Sea coast, e.g., at Rabigh.
Freshly collected caryopses of A. massauensis were germinated over a range of fluctuating temperature regimes and also in varying salinity levels at two fluctuating temperature regimes. The responses of the caryopses to these environmental variables were compared with those obtained previously by the author and co-workers for Halopeplis perfoliara and Limonium axillare, which inhabit Rabigh salt marsh.
The caryopses of A. massauensis germinated rapidly to high percentages over the whole temperature range. The salt tolerance of the species was considerably lower than the salt content in the soil samples (0-5 cm depth) within its habitats. The inhibition of the germination of the caryopses of A. massauensis by excessive salinities (80 and 100 per cent seawater) is due 10 high osmotic potential of the medium.
The ecological significance of the responses of the caryopses of A. massauensis to these various environmental variables is discussed.
C.M. Ashraf, Iftikhar Ahmad and F.K. Nelson Lugemwa
A mixture of hydrogen peroxide and lead (II) nitrate in the acidic medium has been found to be a new oxidizing reagent for various alcohols. Products of oxidation by this reagent have been identified.
E.M. Ezzo, N.A. Yousef and M.A. EI-Kherbawi
The kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic conversion of cyclohexane (1) andcyelohexene (2) were studied over Pt/AI2O, catalyst (A), using a flow technique under normal pressure. The industrially prepared catalyst was pretreated by air (AI) and/or with hydrogen (AII) at 500 C. The catalytic activity was measured in the temperature range 360-430 C for (1) and 160-260 C for (2) at space velocity 13.70-33.39 x10-2 and 13.17 to 32.10 x10-2 min-1 for (1) and (2), respectively. The gaseous and liquid products of the conversion reaction were analyzed using chromatography. The kinetics of gaseous and liquid products revealed a zero-order reaction in all cases with (1) and (2), respectively. The apparent activation energy was calculated to be 10.1 and 10.6 kcal mol-I for (1) and (2) independent of space velocity. The selectivity and activity of the catalyst vary with the pretreatment conditions and experimental temperature. The gain in the mass of the catalyst after participation in conversion and the formation of products is not a stoichiometric process in case of (AI) and (All) catalyst are explained by polymolecular mechanism.
Halina Stepowska, Anna Korda, and Stanislaw K. Tyrlik, Niklos Gyor and Antal Rockenbauer
The reaction of diaquocobaloxime with nitrosobenzene produces azoxybenzene, azobenzene and a solid, which is a mixture of different cobaloximes. Properties and composition of this so lid are described.
Minor amounts of eobaloxime phenylnitrox ide and phenylnitroxide radicals arc also formed. Their formation is strongly solvent dependent.
E. Hallaba, A. AI-Suhybani, S. AI-Khowaiter and A. EI-Sadik
An improved method of decontaminating radioiodine wastes with natural phosphate clay treated with silver nitrate is described. An uptake efficiency of 8 meq/100 g clay within 10 min reaction time is attained. The study revealed that 10 g of natural phosphate clay treated with I % silver nitrate solution gives an optimum uptake. The uptake of iodide by silver treated phosphate clay is a rapid irreversible process.
A.M. EI-Naggar, A.M. Gommaa, M.F. Badie, M.S. Latif and M. EI-Basiouny
The synthesis of 8-(N-phthalyl- or N- tosylaminoacyl or free aminoacyl or N- tosyldipeptidyl) aminoquin aldines (IV-XIX), 8-(N-phthalyl- or N-tosylaminoacyl) aminoquinoline- 2-carboxylie acid methyl esters (XX·XXVII) and their corresponding hydrazides (XXVIII-XXX) and some 2-carbonylamino acid methyl ester derivatives (XXXI-XXXIII) are described. 8-Nitroquinoline-2-carbonylamino acid methyl esters (XXXIV·XXXVII) and their corresponding hydrazides (XXXVIII-XLI) and some dipeptide methyl esters (XLII·XLV) have been synthesized by the carbodiimide and azide methods. Fourteen of various 2- and 8-substituted quinoline-amino acid derivatives are found to possess specific antimicrobial activities towards different microorganisms.
A. El Hussaini
The downward continuation method has been used to obtain a new approach for rapid gravity interpretation of Bouguer anomalies attributed to finite vertical cylinder. The problem has been solved mathematically together with a theoretical test. Accordingly, master curves have been prepared to facilitate the application of the method. The procedure to calculate the depths to the upper and lower surfaces, mass of unit length and radius of the causative body has been outlined. An interpreted example of gravity anomaly of Kharga Oasis area, Western Desert of Egypt is given.
Ghalib M. A. El-Asa'ad
Comparisons of the marine invertebrate faunas recorded from the Aruma Formation of Saudi Arabia with those recorded from adjacent countries lead to the recognition of strong faunal links with northern Africa during Turonian- Coniacian times with Iran and Southern India during the Santonian. During the Maastrichtian, the Arabian fauna had a wide distribution, extending east to northern India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran, Baluchistan and Iraq and west into northern Africa, Spain and Portugal and perhaps other parts of southwestern Europe.
Ahmed A. Almohandis
The Qarain Clay deposits occur in the Qarain area, about 230 km W of Riyadh. The clay deposits lie within the Marrat Formation (Lower Jurassic). Mineralogical and chemical studies of the deposits establish the dominance of kaolinite with a lesser amount of illite in the clay fraction. The non-clay silicate mineral is quartz. The red color of the deposits is due to hematite which has been identified rom X-ray diffractograms.
It is suggested that partial laterization of the source rocks, mainly acid igneous rocks of the Arabian shield, is the process through which the clay minerals in the Qarain area were formed. Partial laterization of the source rocks probably operated under humid tropical conditions. The weathered products were transported to the present area and deposited in a shallow and near shore environment in the Toarcian sea