Vol. 23 Issue 4
Abdel Hadi Ahmed, Abdel Hadi and Ibrahim Abdel Rahman Wasfi
In this review article pharmacokinetics of several Aminoglycoside antibiotics and their recommended doses in camel have been reviewed. The maximum and minimum inhibitory concentrations and their role in efficacy and toxicity have been discussed and correlated with that reported in other mammals The longer half-lives of Aminoglycosides in camels compared to other mammals were suggested to be related to the entire elimination of Aminoglycosides by glomerular filtration and the unique water conservation mechanism in camels.
Wafega Mohamed Aboul Naga & Mohamed Kamal Zeki Al Deep
Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni). Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) metals were detected in the liver tissues of four fish species: planktivorous Round Sardinella (Sardinella aurita), herbivorous Marbled spine foot (Siganus rivulatus) and the omnivorous Two banded sea bream (Diplodus vulgaris) and carnivorous sparid fishes Bogus (Boops boops), which are subjected to various types of terrestrial fallout, and caught from the coastal waters of Alexandria. Results indicate that these metals occur at high levels. Selecting liver for this study, a significant organ in toxicological processes including storing, metabolizing and mination of body toxins, was based on its situation as a detoxification center and its important function as a site of minimizing pathological effects induced by contaminants A pronounced increase in the liver content of tested fish species from unessential contaminant metals such as Lead (Pb). Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr) and Cadmium (Cd) was noticed in spite of their limited regulation and slow excretion from marine organisms. The common biologically essential elements: Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn), which are under haemostatic control were found in relatively higher values Good correlation of some liver metal concentrations such as Copper (Cu) Lead (Pb). and Chromium (Cr) was found with the corresponding lipid contents. In addition, the liver metal accumulation from the ambient surrounding waters was calculated for the four fish species studied. A clear relationship was found between biomagnifications of trace metals in the liver tissues and their feeding habits.
Kotb Amer Farghali and Moumn Mustafa Zareh
The vegetation composition of the central coastal lowlands of Eastern Saudi Arabia was analysed. The appearance and distribution of the studied plant groupings were affected by atmospheric, edaphic conditions as well as topography Eighty seven species belonging to (33) families of flowering plants were recorded in the following seven plant communities which are dominated and co-dominated by (Zygophyllum qatarense), (Lasiurus scindicus and Lycium shawii), (Alhagi graecorum and Cynodon dactylon), (Phoenix dactylifera and Tamarix aphylla), (Aeluropus lagopoides and Sporobolus ioclados), (Halocnemum strobilaceum and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) and (Avicennia marina).
Sabah H. Al-Momin, A. Al-Mouqati and J. Bishop
The objective of this study was to adapt a procedure isolate genomic DNA from the prawn Penaeus semisulcatus collected from the Arabian Gulf region. Different tissues and organs of the prawn were used for the isolation of biologically active, intact gDNA. Several attempts to isolate DNA from the prawn Penaeus semisulcatus using previously reported procedures proved of limited success. Subsequently, a modified protocol for the extraction of total cellular DNA from various tissues of the prawn was developed and optimized. Here, it is demonstrated that the modified DNA isolation procedure is suitable for Penaeus semisulcatus species, and yields intact, pure gDNA that is suitable for molecular studies.
Zeinab Abdalbagi El-Greisy and Ali Mohammed Ali Abdallah
A freshwater fish species, (Tilapia zillii) from Lake El-Manzala was analyzed for concentrations of several Organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in liver, gonads, mesenteric fat, flesh and the digestive tract in mature fish during the breeding season. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and Organochlorine pesticides (OCs) were calculated in (ng/g) dry weight (dw) in homogenized samples. The obtained results revealed differences in lipid content between these different organs. The females showed higher lipid content than males. There was significant positive correlation between the lipid content and organochlorines and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The results come concomitant with the lipophilicity of studied compounds. However, the recorded concentrations of these studied pollutants still do not exceed the international hazardous levels.
Mohamed Ibn Abdullah Al-Owafeir
Triplicate groups of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, initial mean body weight (2.7+ 0.1gm) were fed for 8 weeks, 56 days 112 diets) on (5) isoprotein and isoenergetic diets. Samh meal was used to replace fish meal at different levels of protein. The control diet (diet 1) contained fish meal as the sole protein source. (100, 200, 300 and 400 gm) of samh meal was added to one of the other four diets to replace a protein from fish meal. Fish were fed ad libitum to satisfy twice a day. The results showed that all diets were not rejected and were well consumed by fish in all five treatments. All growth parameters were not affected (P< 0.05) by incorporation of any level of samh meal final weight was (18.8, 18.7, 16.9, 16.0 and 16.9gm); specific growth rate (SGR) was (3.44, 3.48, 3.31, 3.14 and 3.26); protein efficiency ratio (PER) was (2.91, 2.84, 2.72, 2.51 and 2.70); protein productive value (PP) was (48.25, 46.63, 43.43, 41.62 and 43.58) for diets numbers (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively). The whole body compositions: moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash were not affected (P< 0.05) either by incorporation of any level of samh meal for all dits.